Wednesday, May 10, 2017

New Bullets On Western Wednesday...!

Even though this post is more on the topic of the Civil War, it sort of fits into the western era. At least, some of the reasons for the Wild in the Wild West was because of the attitudes and weapons carried over from the horror that was the war!

A NEW BULLET

Before the development of the Minié ball, muzzle-loading rifles were not used in combat situations because of how difficult they were to load. Because the ammunition used had to engage the spiral grooves, or rifling, inside the rifle barrel, it had to be equal in diameter to the barrel, and shooters would have to jam the bullet into the rifle by force. In addition, the rifle tended to become even more difficult to load as gunpowder residue collected inside the barrel. The French army officer Claude-Etienne Minié was not the first to come up with the design of a bullet that expanded when fired, but he simplified and improved on earlier designs–including those developed by Britain’s Captain John Norton (1818) and William Greener (1836)–to create his namesake bullet in 1849. Cylindrical in shape, with a conical point and a hollow base containing an iron plug, the Minié bullet was smaller than the diameter of a rifle barrel, and could be easily loaded, even when the rifle became dirty.

HOW IT WORKED

When a rifle containing a Minié bullet was fired, the bullet was rammed back on the charge, which exploded and sent the bullet hurtling down the barrel. On its way, the iron bullet expanded, gripping the spiral rifling and spinning so tightly along its course that its range and accuracy were greatly increased, with fewer misfires. The effective range of a Minié bullet was from 200 to 250 yards, a huge improvement on earlier ammunition.

The French army never adopted the Minié bullet, but the British did, paying Minié for his patent to use the ammunition in 1851. During the Crimean War of 1853-56, which pitted Britain, France and the Ottoman Turkish empire against Russia, the bullet so improved the effectiveness of infantry troops that 150 soldiers using the minié could equal the firing power of more than 500 with a traditional musket and ammunition.

THE MINIÉ BALL & THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

In the early 1850s, James Burton of the U.S. Armory at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, improved further on the Minié bullet by eliminating the need for the iron plug and making it easier and cheaper to mass-produce. It was adapted for use by the U.S. military in 1855.

During the Civil War (1861-65), the basic firearm carried by both Union and Confederate troops was the rifle-musket and the Minié ball. The federal armory in Springfield, Massachusetts, produced a particularly effective rifle-musket that had a range of around 250 yards; some 2 million Springfield rifles were produced during the war.

The long-range accuracy of the Minié ball meant that the traditional model of warfare, when infantry and cavalry assaults could be successful, was over. Soldiers armed with a minié-loaded rifle could hide behind trees or blockades and take down approaching forces before they could get close enough to cause any damage. Weapons of an earlier age, such as the bayonet, became almost obsolete in this new kind of warfare, and the role of cavalry and field artillery was greatly reduced. Casualty figures for the American Civil War reached staggering proportions, with more than 200,000 soldiers killed and more than 400,000 wounded. The rifle-musket and the Minié bullet are thought to account for around 90 percent of these casualties.

It's hard to imagine just how that many deaths that was during those times and how it must have affected all walks of life.

Coffee out on the patio this morning. Really nice lately!

6 comments:

  1. Any war to me is beyond belief; so many lives lost and for what reason. And it seems that someone is always looking to improve on ways to kill another human being. WHY!!!! And why can't the "leaders" just duke it out instead of sending their "army" to do the fighting for them. Guess I am just a peaceful person at heart. Your patio sounds delightful as it is still chilly here.

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  2. Hey Linda...
    The one thing we can always count on is that someone will always improve the way to kill or maim others. Seems to be something we, as a species, are very good at.
    Thanks for stopping by today!

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  3. I'm with Linda why can't there be peace in this world? Today the world is worse with all this nut jobs running around with guns that have no business being on the streets.

    It was so cold here yesterday had to bring out the sweats and I hooked up one of the heaters. Hope it's a little warmer patio

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  4. In 1980, my little brother and I were both stationed at Quantico, Va. We took two weeks leave and made the grand tour of the Civil War battlefields in the East. At every battlefield, in the nearest town, there were shops selling minie balls people had illegally dug up on the battlefields. Somewhere around here I have a little leather pouch with about twenty of them in it.

    Lead balls foul the barrels of gun. I do a lot of reloading, and while a good many of my contemporaries cast their own bullets, I stick to full metal jacket. Don't know how people got the lead fouling out of their rifle barrels back then. Must have had some kind of wire brush.

    Incidentally, having served in Beirut, Lebanon in 19882-1983, I seriously doubt that we are going to be able to join hands with folks like ISIS around the flower drum and sing "Kumbaya." I guess you had to be there.....

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  5. I have some for my black powder hunting rifle. I like a ball and patch, but they are great for quick reloads.

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  6. Hey Jo...
    The temps on the patio are sitting at 80 right now, so you should be OK.
    Thanks for dropping by today!


    Hey Harry...
    I did the tour of Civil War battle fields when I was still in school. Saw what damage those muskets did to the wounded from the old photos taken back then...terrible!
    Thanks for your service and also for coming by today!


    Hey Sixbears...
    What's the accuracy like using black powder? Any noticeable difference between the ball and patch and the minie?
    Thank you for the visit today!

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