Wednesday, January 10, 2018

Deadly Blizzard Of 1887...!

If we think that the weather has been hard on us this season, just imagine what the folks went through back in 1887.

The cattle industry was hit especially hard during the Winter of that year, mainly due to a massive miscalculation by ranchers at that time. Here is a short history of the disaster of the winter of 1887.

1887
Record cold and snow decimates cattle herds

On one of the worst days of the “worst winter in the West,” nearly an inch of snow falls every hour for 16 hours, impeding the ability of already starving cattle to find food.

The plains ranchers had seen hard winters before, but they had survived because their cattle had been well fed going into the winter. By the mid-1880s, though, the situation had changed. In the hopes of making quick money, greedy speculators had overstocked the northern ranges in Montana, Wyoming, and the Dakotas. Deceived by a string of mild winters, many ranch managers were also no longer putting up any winter-feed for their stock. Disaster arrived in 1886.

The summer of 1886 was hot and dry, and by autumn, the range was almost barren of grass. The cold and snow came early, and by January, record-breaking snowfalls blanketed the plains, forcing the already weakened cattle to expend vital energy moving through the snow in search of scant forage. In January, a warm Chinook wind briefly melted the top layers of snow. When the brutal cold returned (some ranches recorded temperatures of 63 degrees below zero), a hard thick shell of ice formed over everything, making it almost impossible for the cattle to break through the snow to reach the meager grass below. With no winter hay stored to feed the animals, many ranchers had to sit by idly and watch their herds slowly die. “Starving cattle staggered through village streets,” one historian recalls, “and collapsed and died in dooryards.” In Montana, 5,000 head of cattle invaded the outskirts of Great Falls, eating the saplings the townspeople had planted that spring and “bawling for food.”

When the snow melted in the spring, carcasses of the once massive herds dotted the land as far as the eye could see. One observer recalled that so many rotting carcasses clogged creek and river courses that it was hard to find water fit to drink. Millions of cattle are estimated to have died during the “Great Die Up” as it came to be called, a darkly humorous reference to the celebrated “Round Up.” Montana ranchers alone lost an estimated 362,000 head of cattle, more than half the territory’s herd.

Besides sending hundreds of ranches into bankruptcy, the hard winter also brought an abrupt end to the era of the open range. Realizing they would always have to grow crops to feed their animals, ranchers decreased the size of their herds and began to stretch barbed wire fences across the open range to enclose new hay fields. By the 1890s, the typical rancher was also a farmer, and cowboys spent more time fixing fences than riding herd or roping mavericks. Belatedly, settlers realized that they had to adapt to the often-harsh demands of life on the western plains if they were to survive and thrive.

Many lessons from the Old West were learned the hard way. This hard Winter helped to change the face of the cattle business and the cowboys that rode herd on them. It could be called the beginning of the end for things done the old way in the West.

Coffee out on the patio again today.

5 comments:

bigfoot said...

Interesting history. Thanks

Momlady said...

That was indeed a hard lesson to learn. Warmer here for a few days then cold again.

linda m said...

Why is it that "we" always have to learn things the "hard way". Looking back through history that seems to be the nom. Finally warmed up a bit here.

HermitJim said...

Hey Bigfoot...
Glad you found it interesting, my friend.
Thanks for stopping by today!


Hey Momlady...
Don't you hate when the weather does the ol' back and forth thing?
Thanks for coming over this morning!


Hey Linda...
The hard lessons seem to be the only ones that stick with us.
Thanks for the visit this morning!


JO said...

Sad that "we" like Linda said is we only seem to learn by out mistakes and sometimes like this story a very hard lesson.

The new weather person said we would have hard rains all night and fierce winds and freezing cold temps. We had the high winds 5 min of rain and it isn't even cold. there are only a few wet spots not puddles on the street. See you on the patio